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<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Controlling display of numbers</h1>
<p>Tibbles print numbers with three significant digits by default,
switching to scientific notation if the available space is too small.
Underlines are used to highlight groups of three digits. The display
differs from the default display for data frames, see
<code>vignette("digits")</code> for an overview over the differences.
This display works for many, but not for all use cases.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(tibble)</span></code></pre></div>
<div id="options" class="section level2">
<h2>Options</h2>
<p>The easiest way to customize the display of numbers and other data in
a tibble is to define options. See <code>?pillar::pillar_options</code>
for a comprehensive overview.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tibble</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fl">123.4567</span>)</span>
<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # A tibble: 1 × 1</span></span>
<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> x</span></span>
<span id="cb2-4"><a href="#cb2-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <dbl></span></span>
<span id="cb2-5"><a href="#cb2-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 1 123.4567</span></span>
<span id="cb2-6"><a href="#cb2-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>old <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">options</span>(<span class="at">pillar.sigfig =</span> <span class="dv">7</span>)</span>
<span id="cb2-7"><a href="#cb2-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tibble</span>(<span class="at">x =</span> <span class="fl">123.4567</span>)</span>
<span id="cb2-8"><a href="#cb2-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # A tibble: 1 × 1</span></span>
<span id="cb2-9"><a href="#cb2-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> x</span></span>
<span id="cb2-10"><a href="#cb2-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <dbl></span></span>
<span id="cb2-11"><a href="#cb2-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 1 123.4567</span></span>
<span id="cb2-12"><a href="#cb2-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co"># Restore old options, see also rlang::local_options() for a more elegant way</span></span>
<span id="cb2-13"><a href="#cb2-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">options</span>(old)</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This changes the display of all columns. Read on to see how too
specify display options on a column-by-column basis.</p>
</div>
<div id="per-column-number-formatting" class="section level2">
<h2>Per-column number formatting</h2>
<p>The new <code>num()</code> constructor allows creating vectors that
behave like numbers but allow customizing their display. Below a few
examples are shown, see <code>?num</code> for a comprehensive overview.
Similarly, <code>char()</code> allows customizing the display of
character columns.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="sc">-</span><span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"sci"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-2"><a href="#cb3-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(sci)[5]></span></span>
<span id="cb3-3"><a href="#cb3-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] -1e0 0 1e0 2e0 3e0</span></span>
<span id="cb3-4"><a href="#cb3-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">tibble</span>(</span>
<span id="cb3-5"><a href="#cb3-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x4 =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">8</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">12</span> <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="dv">100</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">4</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-6"><a href="#cb3-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">x1 =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">8</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">12</span> <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="dv">100</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="sc">-</span><span class="dv">1</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-7"><a href="#cb3-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">usd =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">8</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">12</span> <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="dv">100</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.5</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>, <span class="at">label =</span> <span class="st">"USD"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-8"><a href="#cb3-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">percent =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">8</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">12</span> <span class="sc">/</span> <span class="dv">100</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.0005</span>, <span class="at">label =</span> <span class="st">"%"</span>, <span class="at">scale =</span> <span class="dv">100</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-9"><a href="#cb3-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">eng =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">10</span><span class="sc">^</span>(<span class="sc">-</span><span class="dv">3</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">1</span>), <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"eng"</span>, <span class="at">fixed_exponent =</span> <span class="sc">-</span><span class="cn">Inf</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-10"><a href="#cb3-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">si =</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">10</span><span class="sc">^</span>(<span class="sc">-</span><span class="dv">3</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">1</span>) <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="dv">123</span>, <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"si"</span>),</span>
<span id="cb3-11"><a href="#cb3-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="at">char =</span> <span class="fu">char</span>(<span class="fu">paste</span>(LETTERS, <span class="at">collapse =</span> <span class="st">" "</span>), <span class="at">shorten =</span> <span class="st">"mid"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb3-12"><a href="#cb3-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>)</span>
<span id="cb3-13"><a href="#cb3-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # A tibble: 5 × 7</span></span>
<span id="cb3-14"><a href="#cb3-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> x4 x1 usd percent eng si char </span></span>
<span id="cb3-15"><a href="#cb3-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <num:.4!> <num:.1> USD % [e-3] <si> <char> </span></span>
<span id="cb3-16"><a href="#cb3-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 1 800.5000 800.5 800.50 8.05 1 123 m A B C D E F G … T U V W X Y Z</span></span>
<span id="cb3-17"><a href="#cb3-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 2 900.5000 900.5 900.50 9.05 10 1.23 A B C D E F G … T U V W X Y Z</span></span>
<span id="cb3-18"><a href="#cb3-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 3 1000.5000 1000.5 1000.50 10.05 100 12.3 A B C D E F G … T U V W X Y Z</span></span>
<span id="cb3-19"><a href="#cb3-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 4 1100.5000 1100.5 1100.50 11.05 1000 123 A B C D E F G … T U V W X Y Z</span></span>
<span id="cb3-20"><a href="#cb3-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 5 1200.5000 1200.5 1200.50 12.05 10000 1.23k A B C D E F G … T U V W X Y Z</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The pillar package that is responsible for the display of tibbles
tries hard to get the number display right, however it is impossible to
accommodate all use cases. Whenever the default formatting does not suit
the application, <code>num()</code> or <code>char()</code> allow
redefining the formatting for individual columns. The formatting
survives most data transformations.</p>
</div>
<div id="rule-based-number-formatting" class="section level2">
<h2>Rule-based number formatting</h2>
<p>Currently, formatting must be applied manually for each column. The
following pattern may help doing this consistently for all columns in a
tibble, or for some columns based on their name.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">library</span>(dplyr, <span class="at">warn.conflicts =</span> <span class="cn">FALSE</span>)</span>
<span id="cb4-2"><a href="#cb4-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>markets <span class="ot"><-</span></span>
<span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">as_tibble</span>(EuStockMarkets) <span class="sc">%>%</span></span>
<span id="cb4-5"><a href="#cb4-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="at">time =</span> <span class="fu">time</span>(EuStockMarkets), <span class="at">.before =</span> <span class="dv">1</span>)</span>
<span id="cb4-6"><a href="#cb4-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb4-7"><a href="#cb4-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>markets</span>
<span id="cb4-8"><a href="#cb4-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # A tibble: 1,860 × 5</span></span>
<span id="cb4-9"><a href="#cb4-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> time DAX SMI CAC FTSE</span></span>
<span id="cb4-10"><a href="#cb4-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl></span></span>
<span id="cb4-11"><a href="#cb4-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 1 1991.496 1628.75 1678.1 1772.8 2443.6</span></span>
<span id="cb4-12"><a href="#cb4-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 2 1991.5 1613.63 1688.5 1750.5 2460.2</span></span>
<span id="cb4-13"><a href="#cb4-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 3 1991.504 1606.51 1678.6 1718 2448.2</span></span>
<span id="cb4-14"><a href="#cb4-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 4 1991.508 1621.04 1684.1 1708.1 2470.4</span></span>
<span id="cb4-15"><a href="#cb4-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 5 1991.512 1618.16 1686.6 1723.1 2484.7</span></span>
<span id="cb4-16"><a href="#cb4-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 6 1991.515 1610.61 1671.6 1714.3 2466.8</span></span>
<span id="cb4-17"><a href="#cb4-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 7 1991.519 1630.75 1682.9 1734.5 2487.9</span></span>
<span id="cb4-18"><a href="#cb4-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 8 1991.523 1640.17 1703.6 1757.4 2508.4</span></span>
<span id="cb4-19"><a href="#cb4-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 9 1991.527 1635.47 1697.5 1754 2510.5</span></span>
<span id="cb4-20"><a href="#cb4-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 10 1991.531 1645.89 1716.3 1754.3 2497.4</span></span>
<span id="cb4-21"><a href="#cb4-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # … with 1,850 more rows</span></span>
<span id="cb4-22"><a href="#cb4-22" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>markets <span class="sc">%>%</span></span>
<span id="cb4-23"><a href="#cb4-23" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">mutate</span>(<span class="fu">across</span>(<span class="sc">-</span>time, <span class="sc">~</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(.x, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>)))</span>
<span id="cb4-24"><a href="#cb4-24" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # A tibble: 1,860 × 5</span></span>
<span id="cb4-25"><a href="#cb4-25" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> time DAX SMI CAC FTSE</span></span>
<span id="cb4-26"><a href="#cb4-26" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <dbl> <num:.3!> <num:.3!> <num:.3!> <num:.3!></span></span>
<span id="cb4-27"><a href="#cb4-27" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 1 1991.496 1628.750 1678.100 1772.800 2443.600</span></span>
<span id="cb4-28"><a href="#cb4-28" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 2 1991.5 1613.630 1688.500 1750.500 2460.200</span></span>
<span id="cb4-29"><a href="#cb4-29" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 3 1991.504 1606.510 1678.600 1718.000 2448.200</span></span>
<span id="cb4-30"><a href="#cb4-30" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 4 1991.508 1621.040 1684.100 1708.100 2470.400</span></span>
<span id="cb4-31"><a href="#cb4-31" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 5 1991.512 1618.160 1686.600 1723.100 2484.700</span></span>
<span id="cb4-32"><a href="#cb4-32" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 6 1991.515 1610.610 1671.600 1714.300 2466.800</span></span>
<span id="cb4-33"><a href="#cb4-33" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 7 1991.519 1630.750 1682.900 1734.500 2487.900</span></span>
<span id="cb4-34"><a href="#cb4-34" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 8 1991.523 1640.170 1703.600 1757.400 2508.400</span></span>
<span id="cb4-35"><a href="#cb4-35" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 9 1991.527 1635.470 1697.500 1754.000 2510.500</span></span>
<span id="cb4-36"><a href="#cb4-36" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> 10 1991.531 1645.890 1716.300 1754.300 2497.400</span></span>
<span id="cb4-37"><a href="#cb4-37" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> # … with 1,850 more rows</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="computing-on-num" class="section level2">
<h2>Computing on <code>num</code></h2>
<p>Formatting numbers is useful for presentation of results. If defined
early on in the analysis, the formatting options survive most
operations. It is worth defining output options that suit your data once
early on in the process, to benefit from the formatting throughout the
analysis. We are working on seamlessly applying this formatting to the
final presentation (plots, tables, …).</p>
<div id="arithmetics" class="section level3">
<h3>Arithmetics</h3>
<p>When applying arithmetic operations on numbers created by
<code>num()</code>, the result inherits the formatting of the first
<code>num</code> object.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span>) <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="dv">2</span></span>
<span id="cb5-2"><a href="#cb5-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-3"><a href="#cb5-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 3</span></span>
<span id="cb5-4"><a href="#cb5-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="dv">1</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-5"><a href="#cb5-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-6"><a href="#cb5-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 3</span></span>
<span id="cb5-7"><a href="#cb5-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>1L <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-8"><a href="#cb5-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-9"><a href="#cb5-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 3</span></span>
<span id="cb5-10"><a href="#cb5-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="fl">3.23456</span>, <span class="at">sigfig =</span> <span class="dv">4</span>) <span class="sc">-</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-11"><a href="#cb5-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:4[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-12"><a href="#cb5-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 1.235</span></span>
<span id="cb5-13"><a href="#cb5-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>, <span class="at">sigfig =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>) <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-14"><a href="#cb5-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:2[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-15"><a href="#cb5-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 12</span></span>
<span id="cb5-16"><a href="#cb5-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>) <span class="sc">*</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">4</span>, <span class="at">sigfig =</span> <span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-17"><a href="#cb5-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:.2![1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-18"><a href="#cb5-18" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 12.00</span></span>
<span id="cb5-19"><a href="#cb5-19" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="sc">-</span><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">2</span>)</span>
<span id="cb5-20"><a href="#cb5-20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb5-21"><a href="#cb5-21" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] -2</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="mathematics" class="section level3">
<h3>Mathematics</h3>
<p>Similarly, for mathematical operations, the formatting is
inherited.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">min</span>(<span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">label =</span> <span class="st">"$"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb6-2"><a href="#cb6-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num{$}[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb6-3"><a href="#cb6-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 1</span></span>
<span id="cb6-4"><a href="#cb6-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">mean</span>(<span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"eng"</span>))</span>
<span id="cb6-5"><a href="#cb6-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb6-6"><a href="#cb6-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2e0</span></span>
<span id="cb6-7"><a href="#cb6-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">sin</span>(<span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span>, <span class="at">label =</span> <span class="st">"%"</span>, <span class="at">scale =</span> <span class="dv">100</span>))</span>
<span id="cb6-8"><a href="#cb6-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num{%}*100[3]></span></span>
<span id="cb6-9"><a href="#cb6-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 84.14710 90.92974 14.11200</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="override" class="section level3">
<h3>Override</h3>
<p>In some cases, the ideal formatting changes after a transformation.
<code>num()</code> can be applied repeatedly, the last setting wins.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.125</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">4</span>)</span>
<span id="cb7-2"><a href="#cb7-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:.4![3]></span></span>
<span id="cb7-3"><a href="#cb7-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 1.1250 2.1250 3.1250</span></span>
<span id="cb7-4"><a href="#cb7-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>transf <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="dv">10</span><span class="sc">^</span><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="dv">1</span><span class="sc">:</span><span class="dv">3</span> <span class="sc">+</span> <span class="fl">0.125</span>, <span class="at">digits =</span> <span class="dv">4</span>)</span>
<span id="cb7-5"><a href="#cb7-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>transf</span>
<span id="cb7-6"><a href="#cb7-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:.4![3]></span></span>
<span id="cb7-7"><a href="#cb7-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 13.3352 133.3521 1333.5214</span></span>
<span id="cb7-8"><a href="#cb7-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(transf, <span class="at">sigfig =</span> <span class="dv">3</span>)</span>
<span id="cb7-9"><a href="#cb7-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num:3[3]></span></span>
<span id="cb7-10"><a href="#cb7-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 13.3 133. 1334.</span></span></code></pre></div>
</div>
<div id="recovery" class="section level3">
<h3>Recovery</h3>
<p>The <code>var()</code> function is one of the examples where the
formatting is lost:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb8-1"><a href="#cb8-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>x <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="fu">c</span>(<span class="dv">1</span>, <span class="dv">2</span>, <span class="dv">4</span>), <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"eng"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb8-2"><a href="#cb8-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">var</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb8-3"><a href="#cb8-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2.333333</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>The <code>median()</code> function is worse, it breaks for
<code>num()</code> objects:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb9-1"><a href="#cb9-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">median</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb9-2"><a href="#cb9-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> Error in `median()`:</span></span>
<span id="cb9-3"><a href="#cb9-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> ! `median.pillar_num()` not implemented.</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>One way to recover is to apply <code>num()</code> to the result:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb10"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb10-1"><a href="#cb10-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="fu">var</span>(x), <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"eng"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-2"><a href="#cb10-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb10-3"><a href="#cb10-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2.333333e0</span></span>
<span id="cb10-4"><a href="#cb10-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">num</span>(<span class="fu">median</span>(<span class="fu">as.numeric</span>(x)), <span class="at">notation =</span> <span class="st">"eng"</span>)</span>
<span id="cb10-5"><a href="#cb10-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb10-6"><a href="#cb10-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2e0</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>For automatic recovery, we can also define our version of
<code>var()</code>, or even overwrite the base implementation. Note that
this pattern is still experimental and may be subject to change:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb11"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb11-1"><a href="#cb11-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>var_ <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(x, ...) {</span>
<span id="cb11-2"><a href="#cb11-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> out <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">var</span>(vctrs<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">vec_proxy</span>(x), ...)</span>
<span id="cb11-3"><a href="#cb11-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> vctrs<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">vec_restore</span>(out, x)</span>
<span id="cb11-4"><a href="#cb11-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb11-5"><a href="#cb11-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">var_</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb11-6"><a href="#cb11-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb11-7"><a href="#cb11-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2.333333e0</span></span></code></pre></div>
<p>This pattern can be applied to all functions that lose the
formatting. The <code>make_restore()</code> function defined below is a
function factory that consumes a function and returns a derived
function:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb12"><pre class="sourceCode r"><code class="sourceCode r"><span id="cb12-1"><a href="#cb12-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>make_restore <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="cf">function</span>(fun) {</span>
<span id="cb12-2"><a href="#cb12-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="fu">force</span>(fun)</span>
<span id="cb12-3"><a href="#cb12-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> <span class="cf">function</span>(x, ...) {</span>
<span id="cb12-4"><a href="#cb12-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> out <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">fun</span>(vctrs<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">vec_proxy</span>(x), ...)</span>
<span id="cb12-5"><a href="#cb12-5" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> vctrs<span class="sc">::</span><span class="fu">vec_restore</span>(out, x)</span>
<span id="cb12-6"><a href="#cb12-6" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a> }</span>
<span id="cb12-7"><a href="#cb12-7" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>}</span>
<span id="cb12-8"><a href="#cb12-8" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-9"><a href="#cb12-9" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>var_ <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">make_restore</span>(var)</span>
<span id="cb12-10"><a href="#cb12-10" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a>sd_ <span class="ot"><-</span> <span class="fu">make_restore</span>(sd)</span>
<span id="cb12-11"><a href="#cb12-11" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
<span id="cb12-12"><a href="#cb12-12" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">var_</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb12-13"><a href="#cb12-13" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb12-14"><a href="#cb12-14" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 2.333333e0</span></span>
<span id="cb12-15"><a href="#cb12-15" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">sd_</span>(x)</span>
<span id="cb12-16"><a href="#cb12-16" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> <pillar_num(eng)[1]></span></span>
<span id="cb12-17"><a href="#cb12-17" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="co">#> [1] 1.527525e0</span></span></code></pre></div>
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