522 lines
13 KiB
HTML
522 lines
13 KiB
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<title>Comparison of fs functions, base R, and shell commands</title>
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<script>// Pandoc 2.9 adds attributes on both header and div. We remove the former (to
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Comparison of fs functions, base R, and
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shell commands</h1>
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<p>Most of the functionality is <strong>fs</strong> can be approximated
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with functions in <strong>base R</strong> or in a command line shell.
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The table at the end of this vignette can be used as a translation aid
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between these three methods.</p>
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<p><strong>fs</strong> functions smooth over some of the idiosyncrasies
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of file handling with base R functions:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>Vectorization. All <strong>fs</strong> functions are vectorized,
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accepting multiple paths as input. Base functions are inconsistently
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vectorized.</p></li>
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<li><p>Predictable return values that always convey a path. All
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<strong>fs</strong> functions return a character vector of paths, a
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named integer or a logical vector, where the names give the paths. Base
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return values are more varied: they are often logical or contain error
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codes which require downstream processing.</p></li>
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<li><p>Explicit failure. If <strong>fs</strong> operations fail, they
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throw an error. Base functions tend to generate a warning and a system
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dependent error code. This makes it easy to miss a failure.</p></li>
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<li><p>UTF-8 all the things. <strong>fs</strong> functions always
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convert input paths to UTF-8 and return results as UTF-8. This gives you
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path encoding consistency across OSes. Base functions rely on the native
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system encoding.</p></li>
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<li><p>Naming convention. <strong>fs</strong> functions use a consistent
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naming convention. Because base R’s functions were gradually added over
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time there are a number of different conventions used
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(e.g. <code>path.expand()</code> vs <code>normalizePath()</code>;
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<code>Sys.chmod()</code> vs <code>file.access()</code>).</p></li>
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</ul>
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<div id="directory-functions" class="section level2">
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<h2>Directory functions</h2>
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<table>
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<colgroup>
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<col width="33%" />
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<col width="33%" />
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<col width="33%" />
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</colgroup>
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<thead>
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<tr class="header">
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<th>fs</th>
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<th>base</th>
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<th>shell</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><code>dir_ls("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>list.files("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>ls path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="even">
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<td><code>dir_info("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>do.call(rbind, lapply(list.files("path"), file.info))</code></td>
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<td><code>ls -al path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><code>dir_copy("path", "new-path")</code></td>
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<td><code>dir.create("new-path"); file.copy("path", "new-path", recursive=TRUE)</code></td>
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<td><code>cp path new-path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="even">
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<td><code>dir_create("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>dir.create("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>mkdir path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><code>dir_delete("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>unlink("path", recursive = TRUE)</code></td>
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<td><code>rm -rf path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="even">
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<td><code>dir_exists("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>dir.exists("path")</code></td>
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<td><code>if [ -d "path" ]; then ... ; fi</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><del><code>dir_move()</code></del> (see <code>file_move</code>)</td>
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<td><code>file.rename("path", "new-path")</code></td>
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<td><code>mv path new-path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="even">
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<td><code>dir_map("path", fun)</code></td>
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<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
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<td><code>for file in $(ls path); do ...; done</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><code>dir_tree("path")</code></td>
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<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
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<td><code>tree path</code></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div id="file-functions" class="section level2">
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<h2>File functions</h2>
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<table>
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<colgroup>
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<col width="33%" />
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<col width="33%" />
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<col width="33%" />
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</colgroup>
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<thead>
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<tr class="header">
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<th>fs</th>
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<th>base</th>
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<th>shell</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="odd">
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<td><code>file_chmod("path", "mode")</code></td>
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<td><code>Sys.chmod("path", "mode")</code></td>
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<td><code>chmod mode path</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="even">
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<td><code>file_chown("path", "user_id", "group_id")</code></td>
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<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
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<td><code>chown options path</code></td>
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</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_copy("path", "new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.copy("path", "new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>cp path new-path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_create("new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.create("new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>touch new-path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_delete("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>unlink("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>rm path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_exists("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.exists("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>if [ -f "path" ]; then ... ; fi</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_info("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.info("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>ls -al path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_move("path", "new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.rename("path", "new-path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>mv path new-path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_show("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>browseURL("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>open path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_touch()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>touch path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_temp()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>tempfile()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>mktemp</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file_test()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>if [ -d "path" ]; then ...; fi</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</tbody>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
<div id="path-functions" class="section level2">
|
|||
|
|
<h2>Path functions</h2>
|
|||
|
|
<table>
|
|||
|
|
<colgroup>
|
|||
|
|
<col width="33%" />
|
|||
|
|
<col width="33%" />
|
|||
|
|
<col width="33%" />
|
|||
|
|
</colgroup>
|
|||
|
|
<thead>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="header">
|
|||
|
|
<th>fs</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th>base</th>
|
|||
|
|
<th>shell</th>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</thead>
|
|||
|
|
<tbody>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path("top_dir", "nested_dir", "file", ext = "ext")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>file.path("top_dir", "nested_dir", "file.ext")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>top_dir/nested_dir/file.ext</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_temp()</code>, <code>path_temp("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>tempdir()</code>,
|
|||
|
|
<code>file.path(tempdir(), "path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>mktemp -d</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_expand("~/path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path.expand()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>realpath -m -s ~/path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_dir("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>dirname("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>dirname path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_file("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>basename("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>basename path</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_home()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path.expand("~")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>$HOME</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_package("pkgname", "dir", "file")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>system.file("dir", "file", package = "pkgname")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_norm("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>normalizePath()</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>realpath</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_real("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>normalizePath(mustWork = TRUE)</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>realpath</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_rel("path/foo", "path/bar")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_common(c("path/foo", "path/bar", "path/baz"))</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_ext_remove("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>sub("\\.[a-zA-Z0-9]*$", "", "path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="odd">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_ext_set("path", "new_ext")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>sub("\\.[a-zA-Z0-9]*$", "new_ext", "path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr class="even">
|
|||
|
|
<td><code>path_sanitize("path")</code></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
<td><em>No direct equivalent</em></td>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</tbody>
|
|||
|
|
</table>
|
|||
|
|
</div>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- code folding -->
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
<!-- dynamically load mathjax for compatibility with self-contained -->
|
|||
|
|
<script>
|
|||
|
|
(function () {
|
|||
|
|
var script = document.createElement("script");
|
|||
|
|
script.type = "text/javascript";
|
|||
|
|
script.src = "https://mathjax.rstudio.com/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML";
|
|||
|
|
document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script);
|
|||
|
|
})();
|
|||
|
|
</script>
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</html>
|