146 lines
4.9 KiB
R
146 lines
4.9 KiB
R
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# Copyright (C) 1997-2009 The R Core Team
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require(datasets)
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require(grDevices); require(graphics)
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## Here is some code which illustrates some of the differences between
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## R and S graphics capabilities. Note that colors are generally specified
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## by a character string name (taken from the X11 rgb.txt file) and that line
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## textures are given similarly. The parameter "bg" sets the background
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## parameter for the plot and there is also an "fg" parameter which sets
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## the foreground color.
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x <- stats::rnorm(50)
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opar <- par(bg = "white")
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plot(x, ann = FALSE, type = "n")
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abline(h = 0, col = gray(.90))
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lines(x, col = "green4", lty = "dotted")
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points(x, bg = "limegreen", pch = 21)
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title(main = "Simple Use of Color In a Plot",
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xlab = "Just a Whisper of a Label",
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col.main = "blue", col.lab = gray(.8),
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cex.main = 1.2, cex.lab = 1.0, font.main = 4, font.lab = 3)
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## A little color wheel. This code just plots equally spaced hues in
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## a pie chart. If you have a cheap SVGA monitor (like me) you will
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## probably find that numerically equispaced does not mean visually
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## equispaced. On my display at home, these colors tend to cluster at
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## the RGB primaries. On the other hand on the SGI Indy at work the
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## effect is near perfect.
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par(bg = "gray")
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pie(rep(1,24), col = rainbow(24), radius = 0.9)
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title(main = "A Sample Color Wheel", cex.main = 1.4, font.main = 3)
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title(xlab = "(Use this as a test of monitor linearity)",
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cex.lab = 0.8, font.lab = 3)
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## We have already confessed to having these. This is just showing off X11
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## color names (and the example (from the postscript manual) is pretty "cute".
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pie.sales <- c(0.12, 0.3, 0.26, 0.16, 0.04, 0.12)
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names(pie.sales) <- c("Blueberry", "Cherry",
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"Apple", "Boston Cream", "Other", "Vanilla Cream")
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pie(pie.sales,
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col = c("purple","violetred1","green3","cornsilk","cyan","white"))
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title(main = "January Pie Sales", cex.main = 1.8, font.main = 1)
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title(xlab = "(Don't try this at home kids)", cex.lab = 0.8, font.lab = 3)
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## Boxplots: I couldn't resist the capability for filling the "box".
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## The use of color seems like a useful addition, it focuses attention
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## on the central bulk of the data.
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par(bg="cornsilk")
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n <- 10
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g <- gl(n, 100, n*100)
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x <- rnorm(n*100) + sqrt(as.numeric(g))
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boxplot(split(x,g), col="lavender", notch=TRUE)
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title(main="Notched Boxplots", xlab="Group", font.main=4, font.lab=1)
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## An example showing how to fill between curves.
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par(bg="white")
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n <- 100
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x <- c(0,cumsum(rnorm(n)))
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y <- c(0,cumsum(rnorm(n)))
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xx <- c(0:n, n:0)
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yy <- c(x, rev(y))
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plot(xx, yy, type="n", xlab="Time", ylab="Distance")
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polygon(xx, yy, col="gray")
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title("Distance Between Brownian Motions")
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## Colored plot margins, axis labels and titles. You do need to be
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## careful with these kinds of effects. It's easy to go completely
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## over the top and you can end up with your lunch all over the keyboard.
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## On the other hand, my market research clients love it.
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x <- c(0.00, 0.40, 0.86, 0.85, 0.69, 0.48, 0.54, 1.09, 1.11, 1.73, 2.05, 2.02)
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par(bg="lightgray")
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plot(x, type="n", axes=FALSE, ann=FALSE)
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usr <- par("usr")
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rect(usr[1], usr[3], usr[2], usr[4], col="cornsilk", border="black")
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lines(x, col="blue")
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points(x, pch=21, bg="lightcyan", cex=1.25)
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axis(2, col.axis="blue", las=1)
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axis(1, at=1:12, lab=month.abb, col.axis="blue")
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box()
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title(main= "The Level of Interest in R", font.main=4, col.main="red")
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title(xlab= "1996", col.lab="red")
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## A filled histogram, showing how to change the font used for the
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## main title without changing the other annotation.
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par(bg="cornsilk")
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x <- rnorm(1000)
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hist(x, xlim=range(-4, 4, x), col="lavender", main="")
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title(main="1000 Normal Random Variates", font.main=3)
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## A scatterplot matrix
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## The good old Iris data (yet again)
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pairs(iris[1:4], main="Edgar Anderson's Iris Data", font.main=4, pch=19)
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pairs(iris[1:4], main="Edgar Anderson's Iris Data", pch=21,
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bg = c("red", "green3", "blue")[unclass(iris$Species)])
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## Contour plotting
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## This produces a topographic map of one of Auckland's many volcanic "peaks".
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x <- 10*1:nrow(volcano)
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y <- 10*1:ncol(volcano)
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lev <- pretty(range(volcano), 10)
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par(bg = "lightcyan")
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pin <- par("pin")
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xdelta <- diff(range(x))
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ydelta <- diff(range(y))
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xscale <- pin[1]/xdelta
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yscale <- pin[2]/ydelta
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scale <- min(xscale, yscale)
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xadd <- 0.5*(pin[1]/scale - xdelta)
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yadd <- 0.5*(pin[2]/scale - ydelta)
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plot(numeric(0), numeric(0),
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xlim = range(x)+c(-1,1)*xadd, ylim = range(y)+c(-1,1)*yadd,
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type = "n", ann = FALSE)
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usr <- par("usr")
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rect(usr[1], usr[3], usr[2], usr[4], col="green3")
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contour(x, y, volcano, levels = lev, col="yellow", lty="solid", add=TRUE)
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box()
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title("A Topographic Map of Maunga Whau", font= 4)
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title(xlab = "Meters North", ylab = "Meters West", font= 3)
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mtext("10 Meter Contour Spacing", side=3, line=0.35, outer=FALSE,
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at = mean(par("usr")[1:2]), cex=0.7, font=3)
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## Conditioning plots
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par(bg="cornsilk")
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coplot(lat ~ long | depth, data = quakes, pch = 21, bg = "green3")
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par(opar)
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